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The Effect of Schroth Exercises and Orthotic Bracing on Changes in Sagittal Balance and Sagittal Index in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
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Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
Scolio Centar , Novi Sad , Serbia
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Faculty of Sport and Physical Education , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
Functionally Aware Motoric Activity Center , Novi Sad , Serbia
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Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
Performance Zone Centre , Novi Sad , Serbia
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Institute of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Orthopedic Surgery “Dr. Miroslav Zotović” , Banja Luka , Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, “Tzaneio” General Hospital of Piraeus , Piraeus , Greece
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Centre for Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Technologies, Staffordshire University , Stoke On Trent , United Kingdom
Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
Editor: Danilo Radanović
Published: 16.12.2025.
Volume 17, Issue 2 (2025)
pp. 104-113;
Abstract
Introduction: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity characterized by lateral curvature, vertebral rotation, and sagittal imbalance. It affects 2–4% of adolescents, predominantly females (7:1 ratio). Progressive deformity can cause respiratory dysfunction, chronic pain, and psychosocial distress. Developing effective conservative treatments remains a major challenge in orthopedic rehabilitation. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combined Schroth therapy and 3D-Chêneau bracing in managing AIS, focusing on sagittal alignment, postural control, and functional improvement. Material and Methods: A prospective quasi-experimental study was conducted with 60 adolescents (mean age 13.3 ± 1.6 years) diagnosed with AIS (Cobb angle 20°–47°). The intervention consisted of two phases: an intensive 3-week supervised Schroth exercise program (21 sessions) followed by continued home exercises combined with a custom 3D-modified Chêneau brace. Assessments were performed at baseline, 4 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Primary outcomes included sagittal balance (mm) and sagittal index (mm), evaluated by standardized plumb-line analysis. Results: After six months, significant improvements were observed in sagittal alignment (p < 0.001). Sagittal balance increased toward the physiological reference (~20 mm), indicating improved postural symmetry and trunk stability. Sagittal index values reflected curve-specific and localization-dependent adaptations, particularly in thoracic deformities. Conclusion: Combined Schroth therapy and 3D-modified Chêneau bracing effectively enhanced sagittal spinal alignment in adolescents with AIS. This integrated conservative approach demonstrated measurable improvements in physiological balance and postural organization, supporting its role as a functional, noninvasive intervention for AIS management.
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Data Availability
The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Funding Statement
This research was supported by the Provincial Secretariat for Higher Education and Scientific Research of AP Vojvodina, grant number: 142-451-2595.
Copyright
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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